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Process Data set: BLACK STEEL PRODUCTS (en) en

Key Data Set Information
Location LT
Geographical representativeness description LT
Reference year 2025
Name
BLACK STEEL PRODUCTS
Use advice for data set This EPD covers the cradle to gate with options, modules C1-C4 and module D scope with following modules: A1 (Raw material supply), A2 (Transport), and A3 (Manufacturing), A4 (Transport), C1 (Deconstruction), C2 (Transport at end-of-life), C3 (Waste processing) and C4 (Disposal). In addition, module D - benefits and loads beyond the system boundary is included.
Technical purpose of product or process Steel structures are widely utilized in construction and engineering for their strength, durability, and versatility. To enhance their lifespan and appearance, they can be left uncoated or treated with protective finishes. Painting provides a barrier against corrosion while allowing for customized colours, whereas galvanization, which coats the steel with zinc, offers longterm rust protection, making it ideal for outdoor and industrial applications. Examples of products are presented in pictures below. PRODUCT APPLICATION Metal constructions are used in: • Industrial and commercial buildings • Bridges and infrastructure • Warehouses and logistics centres • Power plants and energy facilities • Sports arenas and exhibition halls • Agricultural structures • Machine frames and components Metal constructions produced by UAB "Metalo Asai" are available in various sizes, shapes, and thicknesses, tailored to different structural and industrial applications. Steel grades: S235, S275, S355. Metal constructions produced by UAB "Metalo Asai" have CE marking, ensuring compliance with the EU’s New Approach Directives. These constructions are manufactured in accordance with European standards specifying requirements for factory-made, self-supporting metal structures: • EN 1090 – Execution of steel and aluminium structures • EN ISO 3834 – Welding quality requirements • EN 10346 – Continuously hot-dip coated steel flat products • EN 10025 – Structural steel technical delivery conditions Further information can be found at https://metaloasai.lt/
General comment on data set Allocation is required if some material, energy, and waste data cannot be measured separately for the product under investigation. In this study, as per EN 15804, allocation is conducted in the following order: 1. Allocation should be avoided. 2. Allocation should be based on physical properties (e.g. mass, volume) when the difference in revenue is small. 3. Allocation should be based on economic values. The allocations in the Ecoinvent 3.10.1 datasets used in this study follow the Ecoinvent system model ‘Allocation, cut-off, EN15804. Scenarios included in the LCA are based on realistic scenarios which are currently in use and are representative for one of the most likely scenario alternatives. In this study no allocation was made. The EN 15804 reference package used is based on EF 3.1. The study does not exclude any modules or processes which are stated mandatory in the Standards and PCR. The study does not exclude any hazardous materials or substances. The study includes all major raw material and energy consumption. All inputs and outputs of the unit processes for which data is available are included in the calculation. There is no neglected unit process more than 1% of total mass and energy flows. The total excluded input and output flows do not exceed 5% of energy usage or mass.
Copyright Yes
Owner of data set
Quantitative reference
Reference flow(s)
Biogenic carbon content
  • Carbon content (biogenic): 1.0 kg
  • Carbon content (biogenic) - packaging: 1.0 kg
Time representativeness
Data set valid until 2030
Time representativeness description "2025-05-26" - "2030-05-26"
Technological representativeness
Technology description including background system BLACK STEEL COMPOSITION The composition of black steel depends on its grade and application, but it is typically carbon structural steel, with the following key chemical elements: • Iron (Fe): Main component (~97-99%) 4 Black Steel Products • Carbon (C): 0.05-0.25% (low carbon content) or up to 2% (high carbon steels) • Manganese (Mn): 0.3-1.5% (improves strength and wear resistance) • Sulphur (S) and Phosphorus (P): =0.05% (unwanted impurities that can reduce steel properties) • Silicon (Si): 0.1-0.5% (enhances steel strength)

Indicators of life cycle

IndicatorDirectionUnit Raw material supply
A1
 Transport
A2
 Manufacturing
A3
 Transport
A4
 De-construction
C1
 Transport
C2
 Waste processing
C3
 Disposal
C4
 Recycling Potential
D
Use of renewable primary energy (PERE)
Input
  • 3.27E+3
  • 1.36
  • 3.5E+2
  • 5.74
  • 0.299
  • 1.02
  • 53.7
  • 0.0739
  • -379
Use of renewable primary energy resources used as raw materials (PERM)
Input
  • 0
  • 0
  • 208
  • 0
  • 0
  • 0
  • 0
  • 0
  • 0
Total use of renewable primary energy resource (PERT)
Input
  • 3.27E+3
  • 1.36
  • 558
  • 5.74
  • 0.299
  • 1.02
  • 53.7
  • 0.0739
  • -379
Use of non renewable primary energy (PENRE)
Input
  • 2.72E+4
  • 98.7
  • 4.18E+3
  • 419
  • 47.2
  • 74.2
  • 288
  • 7.66
  • -5.5E+3
Use of non renewable primary energy resources used as raw materials (PENRM)
Input
  • 0
  • 0
  • 951
  • 0
  • 0
  • 0
  • 0
  • 0
  • 0
Total use of non renewable primary energy resource (PENRT)
Input
  • 2.72E+4
  • 98.7
  • 5.14E+3
  • 419
  • 47.2
  • 74.2
  • 288
  • 7.66
  • -5.5E+3
Use of secondary material (SM)
Input
  • 938
  • 0.0421
  • 2.27
  • 0.178
  • 0.0196
  • 0.0316
  • 0.352
  • 0.00193
  • 359
Use of renewable secondary fuels (RSF)
Input
  • 0.195
  • 0.000534
  • 7.8
  • 0.00227
  • 0.0000512
  • 0.000401
  • 0.0163
  • 0.0000399
  • -0.05
Use of non renewable secondary fuels (NRSF)
Input
  • 0
  • 0
  • 0
  • 0
  • 0
  • 0
  • 0
  • 0
  • 0
Use of net fresh water (FW)
Input
  • 33.9
  • 0.0146
  • 3.22
  • 0.0619
  • 0.00312
  • 0.011
  • 0.153
  • 0.00797
  • -1.33
Hazardous waste disposed (HWD)
Output
  • 736
  • 0.167
  • 14.4
  • 0.71
  • 0.0525
  • 0.126
  • 1.88
  • 0.00846
  • -2E+2
Non hazardous waste dispose (NHWD)
Output
  • 5.03E+3
  • 3.1
  • 1.7E+3
  • 13.1
  • 0.715
  • 2.33
  • 68
  • 0.193
  • -1.56E+3
Radioactive waste disposed (RWD)
Output
  • 0.0708
  • 0.0000213
  • 0.00727
  • 0.0000893
  • 0.00000512
  • 0.0000158
  • 0.000626
  • 0.00000117
  • 0.0059
Components for re-use (CRU)
Output
  • 0
  • 0
  • 0
  • 0
  • 0
  • 0
  • 0
  • 0
  • 0
Materials for recycling (MFR)
Output
  • 1.64
  • 0
  • 149
  • 0
  • 0
  • 0
  • 9.5E+2
  • 0
  • 0
Materials for energy recovery (MER)
Output
  • 0
  • 0
  • 0
  • 0
  • 0
  • 0
  • 0
  • 0
  • 0
Exported electrical energy (EEE)
Output
  • 0
  • 0
  • 0
  • 0
  • 0
  • 0
  • 0
  • 0
  • 0
Exported thermal energy (EET)
Output
No records found.
No records found.
No records found.
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No records found.
No records found.
No records found.
No records found.

IndicatorUnit Raw material supply
A1
 Transport
A2
 Manufacturing
A3
 Transport
A4
 De-construction
C1
 Transport
C2
 Waste processing
C3
 Disposal
C4
 Recycling Potential
D
Abiotic depletion potential - fossil resources (ADPF)
  • 2.81E+4
  • 98.7
  • 5.27E+3
  • 419
  • 47.2
  • 74.2
  • 288
  • 7.66
  • -5.5E+3
Abiotic depletion potential - non-fossil resources (ADPE)
  • 0.197
  • 0.0000191
  • 0.000825
  • 0.0000805
  • 0.00000129
  • 0.0000143
  • 0.00152
  • 4.96E-7
  • -0.00587
Acidification potential, Accumulated Exceedance (AP)
  • 69.8
  • 0.0232
  • 1.03
  • 0.0985
  • 0.0325
  • 0.0174
  • 0.255
  • 0.00221
  • -2.39
Depletion potential of the stratospheric ozone layer (ODP)
  • 0.0000386
  • 1.01E-7
  • 0.00000606
  • 4.26E-7
  • 5.52E-8
  • 7.55E-8
  • 2.89E-7
  • 9.04E-9
  • -0.00000199
Eutrophication potential - freshwater (EP-freshwater)
  • 1.1
  • 0.00053
  • 0.0538
  • 0.00225
  • 0.000104
  • 0.000398
  • 0.0138
  • 0.0000257
  • -0.259
Eutrophication potential - marine (EP-marine)
  • 4.07
  • 0.00761
  • 0.272
  • 0.0323
  • 0.0151
  • 0.00573
  • 0.0566
  • 0.000844
  • -0.532
Eutrophication potential - terrestrial (EP-terrestrial)
  • 291
  • 0.0828
  • 2.54
  • 0.352
  • 0.165
  • 0.0623
  • 0.639
  • 0.00921
  • -5.83
Global Warming Potential - biogenic (GWP-biogenic)
  • 0
  • 0
  • -23.7
  • 0
  • 0
  • 0
  • 0
  • 0
  • 0
Global Warming Potential - fossil fuels (GWP-fossil)
  • 2.11E+3
  • 6.81
  • 294
  • 28.9
  • 3.6
  • 5.11
  • 21.5
  • 0.312
  • -606
Global Warming Potential - land use and land use change (GWP-luluc)
  • 2.67
  • 0.00304
  • 0.198
  • 0.0129
  • 0.000369
  • 0.00229
  • 0.0265
  • 0.000178
  • -0.0715
Global Warming Potential - total (GWP-total)
  • 2.12E+3
  • 6.81
  • 2.7E+2
  • 28.9
  • 3.61
  • 5.11
  • 21.5
  • 0.312
  • -606
No records found.
No records found.
No records found.
No records found.
No records found.
No records found.
No records found.
No records found.
No records found.
Photochemical Ozone Creation Potential (POCP)
  • 8.26
  • 0.0342
  • 1.42
  • 0.145
  • 0.0493
  • 0.0257
  • 0.189
  • 0.0033
  • -1.98
Water (user) deprivation potential (WDP)
  • 1.37E+3
  • 0.488
  • 67.9
  • 2.07
  • 0.118
  • 0.366
  • 5.18
  • 0.0221
  • -101

IndicatorUnit Raw material supply
A1
 Transport
A2
 Manufacturing
A3
 Transport
A4
 De-construction
C1
 Transport
C2
 Waste processing
C3
 Disposal
C4
 Recycling Potential
D
1This impact category deals mainly with the eventual impact of low dose ionizing radiation on human health of the nuclear fuel cycle. It does not consider effects due to possible nuclear accidents, occupational exposure nor due to radioactive waste disposal in underground facilities. Potential ionizing radiation from the soil, from radon and from some construction materials is also not measured by this indicator.
2The results of this environmental impact indicator shall be used with care as the uncertainties on these results are high or as there is limited experiences with the indicator.
Potential Comparative Toxic Unit for ecosystems (ETP-fw) 2
  • 6.19E+4
  • 14
  • 911
  • 59.3
  • 2.6
  • 10.5
  • 168
  • 0.643
  • -1.48E+3
Potential Comparative Toxic Unit for humans - cancer effects (HTP-c) 2
  • 0.00000461
  • 1.12E-9
  • 9.29E-8
  • 4.77E-9
  • 3.71E-10
  • 8.44E-10
  • 1.92E-8
  • 5.8E-11
  • -9.69E-8
Potential Comparative Toxic Unit for humans - non-cancer effects (HTP-nc) 2
  • 0.000056
  • 6.39E-8
  • 0.00000336
  • 2.71E-7
  • 5.87E-9
  • 4.8E-8
  • 0.0000013
  • 1.32E-9
  • -0.00000477
Potential Human exposure efficiency relative to U235 (IRP) 1
  • 253
  • 0.0868
  • 30.4
  • 0.365
  • 0.0209
  • 0.0646
  • 2.44
  • 0.00482
  • 22.7
Potential Soil quality index (SQP) 2
  • 7.37E+3
  • 98.9
  • 2.58E+3
  • 422
  • 3.3
  • 74.7
  • 561
  • 15.1
  • -1.75E+3
Potential incidence of disease due to PM emissions (PM) 2
  • 0.000723
  • 6.79E-7
  • 0.00000848
  • 0.00000289
  • 9.25E-7
  • 5.12E-7
  • 0.00000347
  • 5.04E-8
  • -0.0000401