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Process Data set: Connecting parts for concrete STEEL PRODUCTS (en) en

Key Data Set Information
Location FI
Geographical representativeness description FI
Reference year 2025
Name
Connecting parts for concrete STEEL PRODUCTS
Technical purpose of product or process This EPD represents connecting parts produces at Semko facility in Seinäjoki, Finland. Connecting parts include a wide range of components used in precast and cast-in-situ concrete connections. These components include SBKL, KL, LTT, JKL, KTU, KTS, KTT, and SU 1800 and they are made from steel or stainless steel. Generally, they are used to connect different building components such as foundations, columns, beams, slabs, walls, floors, and balconies. The products comply with the standard EN 1090-1:2009 + A1:2011. More information about the products covered by this EPD is available at https://semko.fi/fi/
General comment on data set Allocation is required if some material, energy, and waste data cannot be measured separately for the product under investigation. In this study, as per EN 15804, allocation is conducted in the following order; 1. Allocation should be avoided. 2. Allocation should be based on physical properties (e.g. mass, volume) when the difference in revenue is small. 3. Allocation should be based on economic values. The allocations in the Ecoinvent 3.8 datasets used in this study follow the Ecoinvent system model ‘Allocation, cut-off, EN15804’. Raw material use was known by product level, so allocation was not needed. Avoiding allocation could not be avoided for following inputs as the information was only measured on factory process level: • Energy consumption • Manufacturing waste • Packaging materials • Welding gases • The inputs were allocated to studied products based on production volume (mass in kilograms). The study does not exclude any modules or processes which are stated mandatory in the EN 15804:2012+A2:2019 and the applied PCR. The study does not exclude any hazardous materials or substances. The study includes all major raw material and energy consumption. All inputs and outputs of the unit processes, for which data is available for, are included in the calculation. There is no neglected unit process more than 1% of total mass or energy flows. The module specific total neglected input and output flows also do not exceed 5% of energy usage or mass.
Copyright Yes
Owner of data set
Quantitative reference
Reference flow(s)
Biogenic carbon content
  • Carbon content (biogenic): 0.0 kg
  • Carbon content (biogenic) - packaging: 0.0116 kg
Time representativeness
Data set valid until 2030
Time representativeness description "2025-08-18" - "2030-08-18"
Technological representativeness

Indicators of life cycle

IndicatorDirectionUnit Production
A1-A3
 Transport
A4
 De-construction
C1
 Transport
C2
 Waste processing
C3
 Disposal
C4
 Recycling Potential
D
Use of renewable primary energy (PERE)
Input
  • 2.14
  • 0.0131
  • 0
  • 0.00177
  • 0.0256
  • 0.0000627
  • -1.07
Use of renewable primary energy resources used as raw materials (PERM)
Input
  • 0.349
  • 0
  • 0
  • 0
  • 0
  • 0
  • 0
Total use of renewable primary energy resource (PERT)
Input
  • 2.49
  • 0.0131
  • 0
  • 0.00177
  • 0.0256
  • 0.0000627
  • -1.07
Use of non renewable primary energy (PENRE)
Input
  • 23.4
  • 0.911
  • 0
  • 0.123
  • 0.157
  • 0.00722
  • -12.4
Use of non renewable primary energy resources used as raw materials (PENRM)
Input
  • 0.0153
  • 0
  • 0
  • 0
  • 0
  • 0
  • 0
Total use of non renewable primary energy resource (PENRT)
Input
  • 23.4
  • 0.911
  • 0
  • 0.123
  • 0.157
  • 0.00722
  • -12.4
Use of secondary material (SM)
Input
  • 0.343
  • 0.000305
  • 0
  • 0.0000414
  • 0.000284
  • 0.00000152
  • 0.866
Use of renewable secondary fuels (RSF)
Input
  • 0.0079
  • 0.00000337
  • 0
  • 4.56E-7
  • 0.000023
  • 3.96E-8
  • -0.000129
Use of non renewable secondary fuels (NRSF)
Input
  • 0.0494
  • 0
  • 0
  • 0
  • 0
  • 0
  • 0
Use of net fresh water (FW)
Input
  • 0.0269
  • 0.000115
  • 0
  • 0.0000155
  • 0.000133
  • 0.0000079
  • -0.00311
Hazardous waste disposed (HWD)
Output
  • 0.292
  • 0.00102
  • 0
  • 0.000138
  • 0.00206
  • 0
  • -0.469
Non hazardous waste dispose (NHWD)
Output
  • 1.76
  • 0.0182
  • 0
  • 0.00246
  • 0.0659
  • 0.05
  • -2.35
Radioactive waste disposed (RWD)
Output
  • 0.000156
  • 0.00000628
  • 0
  • 8.5E-7
  • 9.21E-7
  • 0
  • 0.00000275
Components for re-use (CRU)
Output
  • 0.00000252
  • 0
  • 0
  • 0
  • 0
  • 0
  • 0
Materials for recycling (MFR)
Output
  • 0.0498
  • 0
  • 0
  • 0
  • 0.95
  • 0
  • 0
Materials for energy recovery (MER)
Output
  • 0.0028
  • 0
  • 0
  • 0
  • 0
  • 0
  • 0
Exported electrical energy (EEE)
Output
  • 0
  • 0
  • 0
  • 0
  • 0
  • 0
  • 0
Exported thermal energy (EET)
Output
No records found.
No records found.
No records found.
No records found.
No records found.
No records found.
No records found.

IndicatorUnit Production
A1-A3
 Transport
A4
 De-construction
C1
 Transport
C2
 Waste processing
C3
 Disposal
C4
 Recycling Potential
D
Abiotic depletion potential - fossil resources (ADPF)
  • 23.4
  • 0.911
  • 0
  • 0.123
  • 0.158
  • 0.00722
  • -12.4
Abiotic depletion potential - non-fossil resources (ADPE)
  • 0.000011
  • 2.18E-7
  • 0
  • 2.94E-8
  • 6.63E-7
  • 6.05E-10
  • -0.0000268
Acidification potential, Accumulated Exceedance (AP)
  • 0.0276
  • 0.000249
  • 0
  • 0.0000337
  • 0.0000978
  • 0.00000248
  • -0.00586
Depletion potential of the stratospheric ozone layer (ODP)
  • 1.29E-7
  • 1.42E-8
  • 0
  • 1.92E-9
  • 9.73E-10
  • 1.07E-10
  • -5.54E-8
Eutrophication potential - freshwater (EP-freshwater)
  • 0.0000538
  • 4.31E-7
  • 0
  • 5.83E-8
  • 8.35E-7
  • 2.76E-9
  • -0.0000583
Eutrophication potential - marine (EP-marine)
  • 0.0114
  • 0.0000744
  • 0
  • 0.0000101
  • 0.0000374
  • 8.57E-7
  • -0.00119
Eutrophication potential - terrestrial (EP-terrestrial)
  • 0.0887
  • 0.00082
  • 0
  • 0.000111
  • 0.000248
  • 0.00000943
  • -0.0139
Global Warming Potential - biogenic (GWP-biogenic)
  • -0.0418
  • 0
  • 0
  • 0
  • 0
  • 0
  • -0.000286
Global Warming Potential - fossil fuels (GWP-fossil)
  • 2.07
  • 0.0614
  • 0
  • 0.00831
  • 0.0212
  • 0.000263
  • -1.42
Global Warming Potential - land use and land use change (GWP-luluc)
  • 0.0017
  • 0.0000241
  • 0
  • 0.00000326
  • 0.0000176
  • 2.49E-7
  • -0.000251
Global Warming Potential - total (GWP-total)
  • 2.03
  • 0.0614
  • 0
  • 0.00831
  • 0.0212
  • 0.000264
  • -1.42
  • 2.072
  • 0.0614
  • 0
  • 0.00831
  • 0.0212
  • 0.000264
  • -1.42
Photochemical Ozone Creation Potential (POCP)
  • 0.0322
  • 0.000251
  • 0
  • 0.000034
  • 0.0000699
  • 0.00000274
  • -0.00704
Water (user) deprivation potential (WDP)
  • 1.09
  • 0.00421
  • 0
  • 0.00057
  • 0.00513
  • 0.0000229
  • -0.256

IndicatorUnit Production
A1-A3
 Transport
A4
 De-construction
C1
 Transport
C2
 Waste processing
C3
 Disposal
C4
 Recycling Potential
D
1This impact category deals mainly with the eventual impact of low dose ionizing radiation on human health of the nuclear fuel cycle. It does not consider effects due to possible nuclear accidents, occupational exposure nor due to radioactive waste disposal in underground facilities. Potential ionizing radiation from the soil, from radon and from some construction materials is also not measured by this indicator.
2The results of this environmental impact indicator shall be used with care as the uncertainties on these results are high or as there is limited experiences with the indicator.
Potential Comparative Toxic Unit for ecosystems (ETP-fw) 2
  • 28.2
  • 0.756
  • 0
  • 0.102
  • 2.82
  • 0.00471
  • -50.5
Potential Comparative Toxic Unit for humans - cancer effects (HTP-c) 2
  • 5.87E-9
  • 2.3E-11
  • 0
  • 3E-12
  • 4.4E-11
  • 0
  • 1.19E-8
Potential Comparative Toxic Unit for humans - non-cancer effects (HTP-nc) 2
  • 3.24E-8
  • 7.68E-10
  • 0
  • 1.04E-10
  • 7.05E-10
  • 3E-12
  • -3.37E-8
Potential Human exposure efficiency relative to U235 (IRP) 1
  • 0.108
  • 0.00477
  • 0
  • 0.000646
  • 0.00253
  • 0.0000327
  • 0.0461
Potential Soil quality index (SQP) 2
  • 9.65
  • 0.638
  • 0
  • 0.0864
  • 0.808
  • 0.0154
  • -4.54
Potential incidence of disease due to PM emissions (PM) 2
  • 9.01E-8
  • 5.3E-9
  • 0
  • 7.17E-10
  • 1.64E-9
  • 5E-11
  • -9.43E-8