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Use advice for data set A1: This module considers the extraction and processing of raw materials and
packaging materials.
A2: This module covers the transportation of raw materials to the production
site
A3: This module includes the manufacture of the products. It has considered
all the electricity consumption and waste generated in the production site.
Typical end-of-life scenario for the product is that, after being used
appropriately, it remains as part of the foundation or structure in the ground
where it was utilized—for example, steel piles used in the foundation of an
apartment building. However, a scenario was developed here where the
product is excavated from the ground at the end of its life cycle and delivered
for recycling to be used as secondary raw material. Data used in these
modules represents the world.
C1: This stage accounts for the processes involved in deconstructing or
demolishing the product at the end of its life. It includes energy use, and any
emissions associated with these activities.
C2: This module considers the transportation of the demolished or
deconstructed product components to waste processing or disposal sites.
Emissions and fuel consumption from transportation are included here.
Assumed transport distance was 50 kilometres.
C3: This module covers the recycling of the product. It was assumed based on
World Steel Association (2020), that 85 % of the product is recycled, and 15
% is landfilled.
C4: This stage includes the final disposal of any product materials that cannot
be reused or recycled. This module covers the steel landfilling as it was
assumed that 15 % of the product is landfilled.
D: This stage includes the benefits of recycling of the products.
For Standard ring sets, it was assumed that 85 % of the steel is recycled and
15 % is landfilled based on World Steel Association (2020, pg 19). Life cycle
inventory (LCI) study.
Benefits from steel recycling have not been calculated for Green Line ring
sets, as the steel used is already recycled material. Recycled steel cannot be
used to account for additional benefits beyond the product's lifecycle due to
the risk of double-counting benefits that were already accounted for in a
previous system.
Scenarios included are currently in use and are representative for one of the
most probable alternatives.
Typical end-of-life scenario for the product is that, after being used
appropriately, it remains as part of the foundation or structure in the ground
where it was utilized—for example, steel piles used in the foundation of an
apartment building. However, a scenario was developed here where the
product is excavated from the ground at the end of its life cycle and delivered
for recycling to be used as secondary raw material. Data used in these
modules represents the world.
C1: This stage accounts for the processes involved in deconstructing or
demolishing the product at the end of its life. It includes energy use, and any
emissions associated with these activities.
C2: This module considers the transportation of the demolished or
deconstructed product components to waste processing or disposal sites.
Emissions and fuel consumption from transportation are included here.
Assumed transport distance was 50 kilometres.
C3: This module covers the recycling of the product. It was assumed based on
World Steel Association (2020), that 85 % of the product is recycled, and 15
% is landfilled.
C4: This stage includes the final disposal of any product materials that cannot
be reused or recycled. This module covers the steel landfilling as it was
assumed that 15 % of the product is landfilled.
D: This stage includes the benefits of recycling of the products.
For Standard ring sets, it was assumed that 85 % of the steel is recycled and
15 % is landfilled based on World Steel Association (2020, pg 19). Life cycle
inventory (LCI) study.
Benefits from steel recycling have not been calculated for Green Line ring
sets, as the steel used is already recycled material. Recycled steel cannot be
used to account for additional benefits beyond the product's lifecycle due to
the risk of double-counting benefits that were already accounted for in a
previous system.
Scenarios included are currently in use and are representative for one of the
most probable alternatives.
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Data set use approval |
